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  5. What Are the Decisions an Appellate Court Can Make?

What Are the Decisions an Appellate Court Can Make?

On Behalf of Dixon & Moseley, P.C. | May 19, 2022 | Appellate Practice

Indiana provides parties involved in legal disputes, whether it be criminal or civil in nature, with the opportunity to appeal the outcome of the case, albeit, with some exceptions. While the right to appeal is a cherished tradition, it can also cause headaches due to the extremely technical nature of the appellate process. This can leave many with a multitude of questions and concerns, which is normal, but some of those concerns may be able to be relieved by having a better understanding of the appellate process. In this blog, we look at the decisions an appellate court can make when deciding your case.

According to the Indiana Rules of Appellate Procedure1 (which govern the appellate process in Indiana), an appellate court can make any of the following decisions when deciding a case:

  • affirm the decision of the trial court or Administrative Agency;
  • reverse the decision of the trial court or Administrative Agency;
  • order a new trial or hearing;
  • if damages are excessive or inadequate, order entry of judgment of damages in the amount supported by the evidence;
  • if damages are excessive or inadequate, order a new trial or hearing subject to additur or remittitur;
  • order entry of Final Judgment;
  • order correction of a judgment or order;
  • order findings or a judgment be modified under Ind. Trial Rule 52(B);
  • make any relief granted subject to conditions; and
  • grant any other appropriate relief.
  • While the rules provide the appellate courts with quite a few options when it comes to deciding a case, many of these are inapplicable to the majority of appeals. Generally, there are three (3) different decisions an appellate court will make in deciding a case. First, the appellate court may affirm (or uphold) the lower court’s decision. Second, the appellate court may reverse the trial court’s decision and remand (send back) with specific instructions to the trial court. Third, the appellate court may reverse and order a new trial.

    It is important to note that the above information is general in nature, and know that there are exceptions to almost every rule.  Appeals are complex matters, oftentimes turning on the specific facts of each case. This area of practice is extremely technical, and obtaining skilled counsel is often key to navigating the complex waters of appeals. This blog post was written by attorneys at Dixon & Moseley, P.C. who handle all types of appeals, be it civil or criminal, throughout Indiana. This blog is intended for general educational purposes only. It is not intended as legal advice or a solicitation for services. It is an advertisement.

  • Rule App. Procedure 66
  • How Many Days Do You Have to Appeal in Indiana? (2026)

    On Behalf of Dixon & Moseley, P.C. | Jul 15, 2026 | Firm News

    An Indiana appellate lawyer’s guide to Notice of Appeal deadlines, Motions to Correct Error, interlocutory appeals, and common timing mistakes. Quick Answer: How Many Days Do You Have to Appeal a Case in Indiana? In most Indiana appeals from a final judgment, the...

    How to Appeal a Case in Indiana: Step-by-Step Guide, Deadlines, Costs, and Common Mistakes (2026)

    On Behalf of Dixon & Moseley, P.C. | Jul 9, 2026 | Uncategorized

    A practical Indiana appellate lawyer’s guide to Notice of Appeal deadlines, appealable orders, the appellate record, briefing, oral argument, rehearing, and transfer to the Indiana Supreme Court. If you lost a civil case in Indiana, you may wonder whether the trial...

    Common Grounds for Appeal in Indiana Civil Cases (Complete Guide)

    On Behalf of Dixon & Moseley, P.C. | Jul 1, 2026 | Uncategorized

    When a civil case does not go your way in an Indiana trial court, an appeal may provide a path to reversal, but only if certain legal errors occurred. Indiana appellate courts do not retry cases or reweigh evidence. Instead, they review whether the trial court...

    When Is Parental Consent NOT Required for Adoption in Indiana? (2026 Guide)

    On Behalf of Dixon & Moseley, P.C. | Jun 25, 2026 | Uncategorized

    Adoption in Indiana typically requires the consent of a child’s biological parents. However, Indiana law provides several important exceptions where a court may allow an adoption to proceed without a parent’s consent. Understanding these exceptions is critical;...

    Failure to Object: When Is an Issue Waived?

    On Behalf of Dixon & Moseley, P.C. | Jun 9, 2026 | Uncategorized

    An Indiana Litigation Guide for Preserving Error on Appeal In Indiana litigation, one of the most common mistakes a trial lawyer can make is failing to object at the right time and in the right manner. The rule is simple but unforgiving: if you do not properly object, you may waive the issue for appeal. An objection must be timely…

    Waiver on Appeal: The #1 Reason Appeals Lose in Indiana

    On Behalf of Dixon & Moseley, P.C. | Jun 2, 2026 | Uncategorized

    In Indiana appellate practice, many appeals do not fail because the underlying issue lacked merit. They fail because the issue was waived. In plain terms, waiver means the appellate court will not decide an argument because it was not properly preserved in the trial court, properly supported on appeal, or properly presented under the Indiana Rules of Appellate Procedure. Common…

    How to Preserve Error for Appeal in Indiana

    On Behalf of Dixon & Moseley, P.C. | May 28, 2026 | Uncategorized

    Executive Summary There are several things that an attorney can do to ensure that an error is preserved for appeal. Making timely and specific objections and obtaining an explicit ruling from the judge on such objections can ensure that a matter is preserved. If evidence is excluded, the attorney should make offers of proof through questioning the witness outside of…

    Can a mother legally deny parenting time to an unmarried father?

    On Behalf of Dixon & Moseley, P.C. | May 10, 2026 | Uncategorized

    The answer depends on several important legal factors, including paternity, custody orders, and the best interests of the child. An unmarried mother has sole legal custody in Indiana unless a court orders otherwise. An unmarried father does not have enforceable rights until paternity is established by either signing a paternity affidavit or filing a paternity action in court. If paternity…

    What Happens to the House in an Indiana Divorce?

    On Behalf of Dixon & Moseley, P.C. | Apr 23, 2026 | Uncategorized

    Executive Summary A house is considered marital property if it is owned by one or both spouses, even if it was acquired before the marriage. Indiana law presumes that a 50/50 division of marital property is fair, but this presumption can be rebutted by a number of factors. As for the house specifically, the court may award the house to…

    How Indiana Courts Divide Retirement Accounts in Divorce

    On Behalf of Dixon & Moseley, P.C. | Apr 21, 2026 | Uncategorized

    Retirement accounts are generally considered marital property to the extent that were earned during marriage. Although retirement funds that accumulated before the marriage are not automatically excluded from the marital property, they can affect how the marital property is divided. 401(k)s and employer-sponsored retirement plans are divided using a Qualified Domestic Relations Order (QDRO), which is a court order directing…

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    Recent Posts

    • How Many Days Do You Have to Appeal in Indiana? (2026)
    • How to Appeal a Case in Indiana: Step-by-Step Guide, Deadlines, Costs, and Common Mistakes (2026)
    • Common Grounds for Appeal in Indiana Civil Cases (Complete Guide)
    • When Is Parental Consent NOT Required for Adoption in Indiana? (2026 Guide)
    • Failure to Object: When Is an Issue Waived?

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